The legal system is a blend of Russian, Chinese, Turkish, and Western systems of law that combines ideas of a parliamentary and presidential system. The constitution is ambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts.

The Great Hural consists of 76 members and it is the legislative power (added in the new Constitution) with the delegates being elected every four years like the head of state's term. The head of state is the president, who is elected to a four-year run in office.

The People's Great Hural (430 members) had the state power of Mongolia and usually met two times each year.  Until 1990, the only legal political party in Mongolia was the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), which was a Communist Party.  Things changed when an amendment to the constitution allowed for more than one political party.  Another part of the amendment allows the government to be run by an elected president and the institution of a Small Hural (53 members).